Challenge Questions

The Challenge Questions are starting to pile up so I'm going to try my best to answer them!

Q: Do our cells move when we run or move our body?
A: Your individual cells don't move, but your tissues and organs do (cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs).

Q: What happens to orange juice concentrate if it's left in the sun?
A: If you leave frozen orange juice concentrate out in the sun, it will melt and eventually all of the water will evaporate and you'll just be left with some really dry, really orangy concentrate.

Q: Why do people throw up when they get hit in the stomach?
A: When you are hit really hard in the stomach, you can force your food out of your stomach, up your esophagus, and into your mouth, causing you to throw up. This happens because the force of the hit displaces your lunch and it has to go somewhere!

Q: Why do some females have heavier periods than others?
A: There is a lot of variation in women's menstrual cycles. The average menstrual cycle lasts between 3 and 7 days. This can even vary from month to month, especially in teens. A lot of factors can influence the length and how heavy a period is - stress, hormones (like birth control pills), exercise, age, illness. All of this is normal, but you should see a doctor if your period suddenly stops, you bleed excessively (if you have to change your pad or tampon more often than every one or two hours), if you suddenly feel sick after using tampons, if you bleed between periods (more than just a few drops), or if you have unbearable pain during your period. For more information, check out All About Menstruation.

Q: Why are chloroplasts called chloroplasts?
A: The word "chloroplast" comes from the Greek words "chloro," meaning "green" and "plast," meaning "formed." Chloroplasts are green (which is why plants are green) and they're the organelles that make food.

Q: Do males have bigger bladders than females?
A: I did a LOT of research online and even checked my Anatomy textbooks but I was not able to find a definite answer to this question. The next time I'm at the doctor I'll ask!

Welcome Home, Endeavour

Welcome home! Endeavour touched down at 4:25 today at Edwards Air Force Base, California, marking the end of STS-126's 15-day mission. The orbiter will have be attached to a modified 747 in order to bring it back to Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

While at the International Space Station, astronauts went on four spacewalks, made major improvements to the space station (including two more beds, a second bathroom, a refrigerator, and a machine to recycle urine, sweat, and condensation into drinkable water), studied the effects of microgravity on spiders, and had Thanksgiving dinner. By the time it glided to a stop, Endeavour's crew traveled more than 6.6 million miles. If you're still craving more information, pictures, and videos from STS-126, NASA has it. If that's not enough, become an astronaut!

3...2...1...

Liftoff!!! Wow, what an AMAZING experience!!! It's been over two weeks and I still can't believe that I actually saw the space shuttle launch. As much as I wanted to take pictures during the launch, I decided not to so that I could just take in the whole experience. Even so, the first 10 seconds or so were still a blur because I couldn't believe it was really happening. As the engines ignited the shuttle seemed to leave the launch pad in slow motion. The fire lit up the crowd almost like it was daytime even though we were nearly 4 miles away. As my mind struggled to process everything, I suddenly began to feel the intense heat and the rumble from the solid rocket boosters as the shuttle turned away from us. The crowd was cheering and the adrenaline rush was so powerful that I felt like I was on the shuttle, too. The heat from the rockets was so intense that it vaporized the thin clouds as it broke through them, making ripples in the sky. We could even see the solid rocket boosters detach about two minutes after launch and parachute back to earth. They'll be picked up by a specialized ship, repaired, and used again. We could hear Launch Control over the loudspeaker telling us just how fast the shuttle was going and how far away it was as it faded into the night sky. After about 6 minutes it looked just like any other star in the sky.

We spent most of our free time at the Kennedy Space Center learning all about NASA and man's history of spaceflight. The shuttle, which will probably be retired in 2010 after nearly 30 years of service, will be replaced by Orion and Ares spacecraft. They are part of NASA's Constellation Program that aims to return astronauts to the moon and possibly send them to Mars.

Before we left we had a chance to meet up with John Herrington, a former astronaut, and to thank him for the launch tickets. We just happened to be there when he finished up a cross-country bike ride to promote science, technology, and math education. Matt and I even made it onto his blog, Rocketrek (scroll all the way down to the bottom of the page). We had an adventure of a lifetime and I can't wait to keep learning about the space program and to find ways to bring it into the classroom. Maybe someday I'll get to write about seeing an Ares launch!

Click here to see a video of what it was like to watch the launch from where I was (liftoff is at about 4:22) or click here to see NASA TV's coverage of the launch (you can kind of see the ripples in the sky starting at 1:34).

STS-126

In a couple of days I'll have a chance to see something that I never thought I'd see in person - a space shuttle launch. On Nov. 14, the space shuttle Endeavour will liftoff as it heads to the International Space Station. Unless weather forces a schedule change, the shuttle will launch at 7:55 pm. Mission STS-126 will deliver equipment to the space station that will let more people live aboard it. Right now, only 3 crew members can live on the space station at a time, but the expansion will provide accomodations for 6 crew. For more information about the mission, check out the mission overview. Click to learn more about the International Space Station, which orbits the earth at a distance of about 350 km (190 mi).

The first space shuttle launced in April, 1981 and after STS-126, there are only 9 launches left before the shuttle program retires. I'm really excited to see a launch, but believe it or not, my husband is even more excited and he will definitely out-nerd me while we're there. He knows EVERYTHING about all of the space programs, not just the history of the space shuttle and he's been obsessed with space since he was a kid. I'll take lots of pictures to share with you and can't wait to bring back stuff for the classroom. I'll also update this blog while I'm gone so check in to see what I'm up to. If you have any comments, questions for me, or think of something you want me to research while I'm there, you can post a comment by clicking the comment link at the bottom of each post.

If you're reading this...

...then you're probably one of my students and you may be wondering why I'm starting a blog and a wiki (http://hoganscience.wikispaces.com) - it's partly to keep in touch with you and partly to serve as a place to explore science topics that I may not have a chance to bring up in the classroom. So check back often and let me know what you think!

Ms. Hogan